Boundary time crystals

Fernando Iemini


In this work we introduce boundary time-crystals. Here continuous time-translation symmetry breaking occurs at the boundary (or generically in a macroscopic portion) of a many-body quantum system. After introducing their definition and properties, we analyse in details a solvable model. We provide examples of other systems where boundary time crystalline phases can occur. The existence of the boundary time crystals is intimately connected to the emergence of time-periodic steady state in the thermodynamic limit of a many-body open quantum system. Connection to quantum synchronisation will be also discussed.